IMPORTANCE OF ZINC CONCENTRATION IN SEMINAL FLUID OF MEN DIAGNOSED WITH INFERTILITY
The prevalence and importance of male infertility makes medical and social problems that seriously throughout the world. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a significant difference in the concentration of zinc in seminal fluid in men diagnosed with infertility compared with the control group, and if there is, to determine how it affects the number and percentage of sperm motility were normal and morphology.
A case-control study conducted in Osijek-Baranja County from January 2014 to June 2015. The study included 276 subjects called biochemical laboratory of Osijek University Central Hospital, 100 (36.2%) of those with a low sperm count was confirmed by spermiogram after 3 months. the semen sample is processed in accordance with the criteria of the World Health Organization, and the zinc concentration was determined by spectrophotometry and colorimetric directly without deproteinization on chemical analysis (Olympus AU 680, Beckman Coulter, Tokyo, Japan).
The study shows that men with low sperm counts were significantly older (Mann Whitney U test: p = 0.013) and had lower levels of zinc (χ2-test: p <0.001). Further analysis included 100 (36.2%) patients with low sperm count. In the group of infertile men, men with low sperm counts have higher levels of zinc compared with men with azoospermia (Mann Whitney U test: p = 0.036), indicating a relationship between low zinc levels in the fertility of male fluid and semen.
Zinc as biological markers and antioxidants affect the sperm count, motility and morphology. Therapeutic zinc supplements may improve semen parameters in patients diagnosed with a low sperm count. dietary habits of different regional subjects, and future research can create a solid foundation for complementary approach to the treatment of male infertility.
IMPORTANCE OF ZINC CONCENTRATION IN SEMINAL FLUID OF MEN DIAGNOSED WITH INFERTILITY
Effect of broiler genetics, age, and gender on performance and blood chemistry
A total of 640 broilers were used to determine the effects of strain, sex, and age on hematology and blood chemistry using a rapid detection. Day old chicks from two genetic lines of the common broiler strains of fast-growing and high yield sexed and allocated to 40 pens (16 birds per pen) containing either male or female and Ross or Cobb strains (n = 10). Venous blood was analyzed weekly using 2 broilers from each pen (n = 20) using the Clinical Analyzer i-STAT® Alinity Handheld, Zoetis Vetscan VS2, and the device iCheck ™ Carotene at 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 d, as as well as growth performance. Post-mortem health tracking metrics is also recorded on 42 d. Broiler considered healthy based on data posts and conducted in accordance with industry standards by males presenting a larger BW and reduced FCR of broilers women.
Ross broiler larger display BW for 14 d with the same FCR compared to Cobb birds. Days of age had a very significant impact on blood calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chloride, carotene, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, bile acid, uric acid, total protein, albumin, globulin, total carbon dioxide, hematocrit, and malondialdehyde. male broilers had reduced blood sodium, chloride, carotene, uric acid, albumin, and increased total protein, glucose, and total carbon dioxide.
Description: IT1t dihydrochloride is a potent antagonist of CXCR4 with IC50 value of 8.0 nM [1]. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is an ?-chemokine receptor for chemokine CXCL12.
Description: IT1t dihydrochloride is a potent antagonist of CXCR4 with IC50 value of 8.0 nM [1]. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is an ?-chemokine receptor for chemokine CXCL12.
Description: IT1t dihydrochloride is a potent antagonist of CXCR4 with IC50 value of 8.0 nM [1]. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is an ?-chemokine receptor for chemokine CXCL12.
Description: IT1t dihydrochloride is a potent antagonist of CXCR4 with IC50 value of 8.0 nM [1]. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is an ?-chemokine receptor for chemokine CXCL12.
Description: IT1t dihydrochloride is a potent antagonist of CXCR4 with IC50 value of 8.0 nM [1]. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is an ?-chemokine receptor for chemokine CXCL12.
Description: IT1t dihydrochloride is a potent antagonist of CXCR4 with IC50 value of 8.0 nM [1]. C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is an ?-chemokine receptor for chemokine CXCL12.
Description: 1400W dihydrochloride is a potent and selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase with Kd value of 7 nM [1]. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is an enzyme catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) and is involved in immune response.
Description: 1400W dihydrochloride is a potent and selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase with Kd value of 7 nM [1]. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is an enzyme catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) and is involved in immune response.
Description: 1400W dihydrochloride is a potent and selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase with Kd value of 7 nM [1]. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is an enzyme catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) and is involved in immune response.
Description: PPACK Dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride form of its active component PPACK (D-Phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine chloromethyl ketone), a potent, selective and irreversible inhibitor of thrombin that inhibits human ?-thrombin with inhibition constant Kivalue of 0.24 nM.
Description: PPACK Dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride form of its active component PPACK (D-Phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine chloromethyl ketone), a potent, selective and irreversible inhibitor of thrombin that inhibits human ?-thrombin with inhibition constant Kivalue of 0.24 nM.
Description: PPACK Dihydrochloride is the dihydrochloride form of its active component PPACK (D-Phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine chloromethyl ketone), a potent, selective and irreversible inhibitor of thrombin that inhibits human ?-thrombin with inhibition constant Kivalue of 0.24 nM.
Description: CP 31398 dihydrochloride is a potent activator of p53 with maximum tolerated dose of 400 ppm [2].Tumor protein p53 (p53) is a crucial protein in multicellular organisms and plays an important role in preventing cancer formation.
Description: CP 31398 dihydrochloride is a potent activator of p53 with maximum tolerated dose of 400 ppm [2].Tumor protein p53 (p53) is a crucial protein in multicellular organisms and plays an important role in preventing cancer formation.
Description: AZ 12080282 dihydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of Hh with IC50 value <0.012 ?M [1]. It is also reported that AZ 12080282 also has a selective inhibition to p38? with low nanomolar potency [1].
Description: AZ 12080282 dihydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of Hh with IC50 value <0.012 ?M [1]. It is also reported that AZ 12080282 also has a selective inhibition to p38? with low nanomolar potency [1].
Description: AY 9944 dihydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of ?7-sterol reductase with IC50 value of 13 nM [1].?7-sterol reductase (Dhcr7) is an enzyme and plays an important role in catalyzing the production of cholesterol from 7-Dehydrocholesterol through using NADPH [2, 3].
Description: AY 9944 dihydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of ?7-sterol reductase with IC50 value of 13 nM [1].?7-sterol reductase (Dhcr7) is an enzyme and plays an important role in catalyzing the production of cholesterol from 7-Dehydrocholesterol through using NADPH [2, 3].
Description: AY 9944 dihydrochloride is a selective inhibitor of ?7-sterol reductase with IC50 value of 13 nM [1].?7-sterol reductase (Dhcr7) is an enzyme and plays an important role in catalyzing the production of cholesterol from 7-Dehydrocholesterol through using NADPH [2, 3].
Description: KD: 1.4 nM and 1.9 nM for human and rat P2X7 receptors, respectivleyThe P2X7 receptor has intriguing biophysical properties, activates a diverse range of cellular events and mediates a wide range of functional effects.
Description: KD: 1.4 nM and 1.9 nM for human and rat P2X7 receptors, respectivleyThe P2X7 receptor has intriguing biophysical properties, activates a diverse range of cellular events and mediates a wide range of functional effects.
Description: A 412997 dihydrochloride is a selective agonist of dopamine D4 receptor with Ki values of 7.9 and 12.1 nM for human and rat D4 receptors, respectively [1]. Dopamine D4 receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor and is activated by dopamine.
Description: A 412997 dihydrochloride is a selective agonist of dopamine D4 receptor with Ki values of 7.9 and 12.1 nM for human and rat D4 receptors, respectively [1]. Dopamine D4 receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor and is activated by dopamine.
Description: BD 1063 dihydrochloride is an antagonist of ?-1 receptor with Ki value of 9.15 nM [1].?-receptor is a type of opioid receptor. There are two subtypes of ?-receptor: ?-1 and ?-2.?-1 receptor plays an important role in stimulating dopamine release and modulating the actions of cocaine [2].
Description: BD 1063 dihydrochloride is an antagonist of ?-1 receptor with Ki value of 9.15 nM [1].?-receptor is a type of opioid receptor. There are two subtypes of ?-receptor: ?-1 and ?-2.?-1 receptor plays an important role in stimulating dopamine release and modulating the actions of cocaine [2].
Description: CGP 20712 dihydrochloride is a potent and selective antagonist of ?1-adrenoceptor with IC50 value of 0.7 nM [1]. ?1-adrenoceptor is a G-protein coupled receptor and mediates uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) gene expression induced by norepinephrine (NE) [2].
Description: CGP 20712 dihydrochloride is a potent and selective antagonist of ?1-adrenoceptor with IC50 value of 0.7 nM [1]. ?1-adrenoceptor is a G-protein coupled receptor and mediates uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) gene expression induced by norepinephrine (NE) [2].
Description: IC50: 86 nM for iNOSNO synthases are enzymes responsible for the generation of nitric oxide from the amino acid L-arginine. Once expressed the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is active and produces ?M concentrations of NO over longer periods.
Description: IC50: 86 nM for iNOSNO synthases are enzymes responsible for the generation of nitric oxide from the amino acid L-arginine. Once expressed the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is active and produces ?M concentrations of NO over longer periods.
Description: IC50: 86 nM for iNOSNO synthases are enzymes responsible for the generation of nitric oxide from the amino acid L-arginine. Once expressed the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is active and produces ?M concentrations of NO over longer periods.
Description: ARL 17477 dihydrochloride is a selective and potent neuronal nitrogen oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitor with IC50 values of 1 and 17?M for nNOS and endothelial NOS, respectively [1].
Description: ARL 17477 dihydrochloride is a selective and potent neuronal nitrogen oxide synthase (nNOS) inhibitor with IC50 values of 1 and 17?M for nNOS and endothelial NOS, respectively [1].
Description: A 943931, is an H4R (one of histamine receptor subtypes) antagonist [1] with high affinities to H4Rs of human (Ki = 5 nM), rat (Ki = 4 nM) and mouse (Kb = 6 nM) [2]. H4R is one of 4 known G-protein-coupled receptors of histamine for histamine to mediate its physiological functions [3].
Description: A 943931, is an H4R (one of histamine receptor subtypes) antagonist [1] with high affinities to H4Rs of human (Ki = 5 nM), rat (Ki = 4 nM) and mouse (Kb = 6 nM) [2]. H4R is one of 4 known G-protein-coupled receptors of histamine for histamine to mediate its physiological functions [3].
Description: WAY 207024 dihydrochloride is a potent gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRH-R) antagonist with IC50 values of 12 and 71 nM for human and rat GnRH receptors, respectively [1].
Description: BMS 470539 dihydrochloride is a potent and selective melanocortin-1 (MC1) receptor agonist with IC50 of 120 nM [1]. The melanocortin-1 receptor (MC-1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor involved in blocking inflammation and augmenting skin pigmentation [1].
Description: BMS 470539 dihydrochloride is a potent and selective melanocortin-1 (MC1) receptor agonist with IC50 of 120 nM [1]. The melanocortin-1 receptor (MC-1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor involved in blocking inflammation and augmenting skin pigmentation [1].
Description: A-331440 is described here instead of A-331440 dihydrochloride. A-331440 is an antagonist of non-imidazole histamine H3 receptor with an IC50 value of 22.7 nM for human cortex histamine H3 [1].
Description: A-331440 is described here instead of A-331440 dihydrochloride. A-331440 is an antagonist of non-imidazole histamine H3 receptor with an IC50 value of 22.7 nM for human cortex histamine H3 [1].
Description: Target: haspin kinaseIC50: 55 nMLDN 209929 dihydrochloride is a selective and potent haspin kinase inhibitor with IC50 value of 55 nM [1]. LDN 209929 dihydrochloride displays 180-fold selectivity on haspin kinase over DYRK2 [1].
Description: Target: haspin kinaseIC50: 55 nMLDN 209929 dihydrochloride is a selective and potent haspin kinase inhibitor with IC50 value of 55 nM [1]. LDN 209929 dihydrochloride displays 180-fold selectivity on haspin kinase over DYRK2 [1].
Description: CGH 2466 dihydrochloride is a combined adenosine receptor antagonist. It is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 4 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. It inhibited the phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) isoenzyme with an IC50 value of 22±5 nM.
Description: CGH 2466 dihydrochloride is a combined adenosine receptor antagonist. It is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 4 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. It inhibited the phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) isoenzyme with an IC50 value of 22±5 nM.
Description: IC50: 1.7 nM for adenosine kinaseAdenosine (ADO) is an endogenous homeostatic inhibitory neuromodulator that reduces cellular excitability at sites of tissue injury and inflammation.
Description: IC50: 1.7 nM for adenosine kinaseAdenosine (ADO) is an endogenous homeostatic inhibitory neuromodulator that reduces cellular excitability at sites of tissue injury and inflammation.
Description: IC50: 1.7 nM for adenosine kinaseAdenosine (ADO) is an endogenous homeostatic inhibitory neuromodulator that reduces cellular excitability at sites of tissue injury and inflammation.
Description: IC50: 1.7 nM for adenosine kinaseAdenosine (ADO) is an endogenous homeostatic inhibitory neuromodulator that reduces cellular excitability at sites of tissue injury and inflammation.
Description: IC50: 1.7 nM for adenosine kinaseAdenosine (ADO) is an endogenous homeostatic inhibitory neuromodulator that reduces cellular excitability at sites of tissue injury and inflammation.
Description: C 021 dihydrochloride is a potent antagonist of CCR4 with IC50 values of 0.039 and 0.14 ?M for inhibition of chemotaxis in mouse and human, respectively [1].
Description: C 021 dihydrochloride is a potent antagonist of CCR4 with IC50 values of 0.039 and 0.14 ?M for inhibition of chemotaxis in mouse and human, respectively [1].
Description: ARC 239 dihydrochloride is a selective antagonist of ?2B adrenoceptor with pKD value of 8.8 [1]. ?2B adrenoceptor is a G-protein coupled receptor.
Description: ARC 239 dihydrochloride is a selective antagonist of ?2B adrenoceptor with pKD value of 8.8 [1]. ?2B adrenoceptor is a G-protein coupled receptor.
Description: AMN 082 dihydrochloride is an specific allosteric agonist of mGluR7 [1]. In the absence of orthosteric agonist, AMN 082 activated the human mGlu7 receptor with an EC50 of 64 nM in vitro [2].
Description: AMN 082 dihydrochloride is an specific allosteric agonist of mGluR7 [1]. In the absence of orthosteric agonist, AMN 082 activated the human mGlu7 receptor with an EC50 of 64 nM in vitro [2].
Description: IC50: AKT1 32 nM, AKT2 17 nM, AKT3 47 nM, PKA 20 nMThe serine/threonine kinase AKT plays a pivotal role in signal transduction events involved in malignant transformation and chemoresistance and is an attractive target for the development of cancer therapeutics.
Description: IC50: AKT1 32 nM, AKT2 17 nM, AKT3 47 nM, PKA 20 nMThe serine/threonine kinase AKT plays a pivotal role in signal transduction events involved in malignant transformation and chemoresistance and is an attractive target for the development of cancer therapeutics.
Description: IC50: AKT1 32 nM, AKT2 17 nM, AKT3 47 nM, PKA 20 nMThe serine/threonine kinase AKT plays a pivotal role in signal transduction events involved in malignant transformation and chemoresistance and is an attractive target for the development of cancer therapeutics.
Description: IC50: AKT1 32 nM, AKT2 17 nM, AKT3 47 nM, PKA 20 nMThe serine/threonine kinase AKT plays a pivotal role in signal transduction events involved in malignant transformation and chemoresistance and is an attractive target for the development of cancer therapeutics.
Description: IC50: AKT1 32 nM, AKT2 17 nM, AKT3 47 nM, PKA 20 nMThe serine/threonine kinase AKT plays a pivotal role in signal transduction events involved in malignant transformation and chemoresistance and is an attractive target for the development of cancer therapeutics.
Description: LDK378 is a highly potent inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), which is a receptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the superfamily of insulin receptor, with half maximal inhibitory concentration IC50 of 200 pM.
Description: LDK378 is a highly potent inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), which is a receptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the superfamily of insulin receptor, with half maximal inhibitory concentration IC50 of 200 pM.
Description: LDK378 is a highly potent inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), which is a receptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the superfamily of insulin receptor, with half maximal inhibitory concentration IC50 of 200 pM.
Description: LDK378 is a highly potent inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), which is a receptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the superfamily of insulin receptor, with half maximal inhibitory concentration IC50 of 200 pM.
Description: LDK378 is a highly potent inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), which is a receptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the superfamily of insulin receptor, with half maximal inhibitory concentration IC50 of 200 pM.
Ross broilers had greater blood potassium, and sodium, as well as reduce uric acid, total protein, globulin, and malondialdehyde, compared to Cobb birds. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of point-of-care device for measuring blood chemistry and hematology in the modern broiler. This data can be used to determine normal ranges of healthy blood in this kind of broiler when accounting for the strain, sex, and age.
